Theoretical perspective of BIM model in the construction industry

Theoretical perspective of BIM model:

Activity theory of BIM model: The Activity theory of BIM model provides an epistemological framework to realize the work activities. This theory was developed by Vygotsky in 1920. This theoretical approach finds that the best way to study social phenomena is the attempt to change it. The experimental utility of BIM in various stages of the construction process is helpful for developing the activity and exposing the problematic condition of BIM implementation (Zomeret al. 2021). The employees engaged in operation of construction industries are used as mirrors to reflect the work practices. The Activity theory is used by the practitioners to assess and track the history of their activities. The past several decades have witnessed a noticeable change in the Malaysian construction industry and the industrialists are making assessment of the activities and targeting for more value creation.

The model proved to be useful for the construction engineers and workers. They use the theory as a method of quantitative analysis and calculations, for scheduling and procuring as well as to guide the subcontractors' work (NørkjaerGadeet al. 2019). The examples of using the BIM model in various ways need to be studied in detail so that new suggestions can be provided for the development of the BIM model. BIM objects are intelligent and follow the rules of Geometry and can store data. The BIM software innovate the model and reflects the changes, allowing the model to stay consistent and coordinated so the architects, engineers, designers, project managers can work in a favourable environment.

Transformation, Flow and Value theory: The construction industry of Malaysia works in projects that is quick, complex and uncertain. This industry is known for having minimum productivity and maximum wastage than other industries. Lean construction concept was started in 1990 to handle the uncertain, complex and quick projects (Moaveniet al. 2019). Lean production is concerned with making minimum number waste with maximum productivity. A number of factors are responsible for making the construction industry different from other industries. Lean construction is based on the theory of production that deals with transformation, Flow and Value. These three factors are complementary to each other rather than competitive. The systems pursuing the transformation, Flow and Value goals are concerned with Lean systems. TFV theory deals with how these three main components collaborate with each other and contribute to the success of construction projects.

The emphasis is put on the value creation and attending sustainable development of the construction industry. The removal of non-value activities such as waste and controlling the flow of an on-going project are also important responsibilities of this theory. This theory suggests that the process manager must assign the project of construction. A discussion of the terms in TFV is made on whether it is appropriate for the construction projects. Lean Construction of Denmark have opined that the word “operation” will be more appropriate than transformation in the theory as it takes into cover more activities like transport, inspections, waiting. The name of the theory is still unchanged due to international approval.